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Table 4 Pneumonia complications by admission glucose adults aged 65 and above

From: Fasting hyperglycemia upon hospital admission is associated with higher pneumonia complication rates among the elderly

 

Admission glucose level (%)

 

Normal ≤100 mg/dl

N = 69

Mild 101-125 mg/dl

N = 68

Severe >126 mg/dl

N = 99

Known diabetic

N = 77

Complications Types*

%

%

OR

95% CI

p

%

OR

95% CI

p

%

OR

95% CI

p

   ↑ O2 requirements

21.7

41.2

2.52

1.19-5.32

0.014

44.4

2.88

1.44-5.78

0.002

35.1

1.94

0.92-4.07

0.075

   ↑ ABx coverage

23.5

32.4

1.55

0.73-3.31

0.25

28.3

1.28

0.63-2.61

0.49

28.6

1.30

0.62-2.74

0.49

   Sepsis

14.5

26.5

2.12

0.90-5.01

0.08

23.2

1.79

0.79-4.04

0.16

23.4

1.80

0.77-4.22

0.17

   Subsequent ICU use

11.6

22.1

2.16

0.85-5.49

0.10

16.2

1.47

0.59-3.65

0.41

16.9

1.55

0.60-4.00

0.36

   Mechanical-vent

10.1

19.1

2.09

0.78-5.62

0.1370

14.1

1.45

0.56-3.83

0.44

11.7

1.17

0.41-3.34

0.77

   Deaths (N)

10.3 (7)

12 (8)

1.17

0.40-3.40

0.78

12(12)

1.22

0.45-3.27

0.69

9 (7)

0.88

0.29-2.66

0.8

Category

             

   No complications

76.5

60.3

--

--

--

59.8

   

64.9

--

--

--

   Mild*

20.9

4.4

1.94

0.31-12.15

0.47

10.3

2.73

0.24-31.36

0.40

11.4

4.77

0.98-23.16

0.03

   Severe

20.6

35.3

2.22

1.02-4.81

0.04

29.9

1.83

0.88-3.82

0.11

23.4

1.36

0.31-3.03

0.45

   Any one complication

23.5

39.7

2.19

1.04-4.58

0.04

40.2

2.15

1.08-4.29

0.03

35.1

1.79

0.86-3.71

0.12

   Any two complications

20.0

37.9

2.49

1.13-5.45

0.02

34.1

2.04

0.96-4.31

0.06

29.6

1.71

0.78-3.79

0.18

Age (mean se)

78.2 se = 7.3

80.9 se = 9.1

80.6 se = 8.6

80.0 se = 7.4

Total admission days

(mean se)

6.3 se = 6.0

6.7 se = 4.7

7.7 se = 7.0

7.3 se = 7.3

  1. *Mild complications: either ↑ O2 requirements, or ↑ Antibiotic coverage
  2. Severe complications: either subsequent ICU use, mechanical ventilation, sepsis and/or death
  3. χ2 compares each group with the reference group (admission glucose ≤99 mg/dl).
  4. Note: Highlighted values were statistically different from the normal group; all others were not statistically significant